True or false: in general, only Spaniards hold the rights of Article 23 (taking part in public affairs). A treaty or law may add an exception for municipal elections.
Sources: 1 link, read on 21 October 2026.
Spanish Constitution, article 13 (BOE, consolidated text), read on 21 October 2026.
Answer: True. Article 13 says only Spaniards hold the rights of Article 23. The exception is the right to vote and stand in municipal elections, if a treaty or law says so.
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Constitution · article 13.2
The question in Spanish
Verdadero o falso: en general, solo los españoles son titulares de los derechos del artículo 23 (participar en los asuntos públicos). Un tratado o una ley pueden añadir una excepción para las elecciones municipales.
The options
- ATrueVerdaderoCorrect
- BFalseFalso
What the Constitution says
«2. Solamente los españoles serán titulares de los derechos reconocidos en el artículo 23, salvo lo que, atendiendo a criterios de reciprocidad, pueda establecerse por tratado o ley para el derecho de sufragio activo y pasivo en las elecciones municipales.»
Spanish Constitution of 1978, article 13 (paragraph 2, consolidated text at the BOE), read on 21 October 2026. The quotation is in Spanish, as the BOE prints it; the English wording of the answer is ours. Laws carry no copyright (Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, art. 13), so we quote the text as it stands.
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