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According to Article 23, how can citizens take part in public affairs?

Sources: 1 link, read on 21 October 2026.

Spanish Constitution, article 23 (BOE, consolidated text), read on 21 October 2026.

Answer: Directly or through representatives freely elected in periodic elections by universal suffrage. This is Article 23.

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Constitution · article 23.1

The question in Spanish

Según el artículo 23, ¿cómo pueden participar los ciudadanos en los asuntos públicos?

The options

What the Constitution says

«1. Los ciudadanos tienen el derecho a participar en los asuntos públicos, directamente o por medio de representantes, libremente elegidos en elecciones periódicas por sufragio universal.»

Spanish Constitution of 1978, article 23 (paragraph 1, consolidated text at the BOE), read on 21 October 2026. The quotation is in Spanish, as the BOE prints it; the English wording of the answer is ours. Laws carry no copyright (Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, art. 13), so we quote the text as it stands.

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